通常對(duì)粗軋輥以強(qiáng)度、抗熱裂為主要要求；小型20輥軋機(jī)的工作軋輥重僅 100克左右，而寬厚板軋機(jī)的支承輥重量已超過(guò)200噸。選用軋輥時(shí)首先根據(jù)軋機(jī)對(duì)軋輥的基本強(qiáng)度要求，選定安全承載的主體材料（各種級(jí)別的鑄鐵、鑄鋼或鍛鋼等）。

Usually, the main requirements for rough rolling roll are strength and thermal cracking. The working roll weight of small 20 high mill is only 100 grams, while the weight of backup roll of wide plate mill has exceeded 200 t. When selecting the roll, first, according to the requirements of the mill's basic strength for the roller, we select the main material for safety loading (various grades of cast iron, cast steel or forged steel, etc.).

冷軋輥在工作過(guò)程中要承受很大的軋制應(yīng)力，加上軋件的焊縫、夾雜、邊裂等問(wèn)題，容易導(dǎo)致瞬間高溫，使工作輥受到強(qiáng)烈熱沖擊，造成裂紋、粘輥、剝落甚至報(bào)廢。因此，冷軋輥要有抵抗因彎曲應(yīng)力、扭轉(zhuǎn)應(yīng)力、剪切應(yīng)力引起的開(kāi)裂和剝落的能力，同時(shí)也要有高的耐磨性。軋機(jī)布置和道次設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)架在生產(chǎn)線的位置以及道次設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)軋輥的選擇有很大影響。

Cold roll must bear a lot of rolling stress in the working process, add the weld, inclusion and edge crack of the rolled piece, which can easily lead to instantaneous high temperature, so that the work roll is subjected to strong heat shock, which causes crack, roll, peeling and even scrap. Therefore, the cold roller must resist the ability of cracking and spalling caused by bending stress, torsional stress and shearing stress, and also has high wear resistance.

整體軋輥是相對(duì)于復(fù)合軋輥而言的，整體軋輥的輥身外層與心部以及輥頸采用單一材質(zhì)鑄造或鍛造而成，輥身外層和輥頸不同的組織、性能通過(guò)鑄造或鍛造工藝以及熱處理工藝過(guò)程來(lái)控制和調(diào)整。

The whole roll is compared to the  roll. The outer layer of the whole roll is made of a single material or forging with a single material. The structure and performance of the roll are  and adjusted by the casting or forging process and the heat treatment process.