若因溫度和變形程度選擇不當而得到粗大晶粒時，可利用熱處理相變細化晶粒組織，但對于熱處理中不發(fā)生相變的鋼種，如奧氏體鋼，就必須在鍛造過程中獲得細小而均勻的晶粒組織，因此對這樣的材料在鍛造時須加倍注意。

If the temperature and degree of deformation and improper selection of coarse grains, the grain refinement phase change heat treatment, but for the steel phase transition does not occur in the heat treatment, such as austenitic steel, it must be in the forging process have fine and uniform grains, so this kind of material in the forging must pay more attention to.

鍛造是指把加熱后的金屬材料鍛制成各種形狀的工具、機械零件或毛坯。鍛造過程中要對這些滾燙的金屬坯料進行各種加工，因此加工過程中高溫、、振動和噪聲是避免不了的。所以鍛造過程安全防護很重要。

Forging is a tool, mechanical part, or blank that is forged from a heated metal material to a variety of shapes. In the process of forging, these hot metal billets should be processed, so high temperature, dust, vibration and noise can not be avoided during the process. Therefore, the safety protection of the forging process is very important.

鋁合金鍛件的生產(chǎn)可在多種鍛造設備上進行。鍛錘可用于開式模鍛和閉式模鍛，其生產(chǎn)費用較低，鍛打時需要控制好錘頭的高度、打擊力量和速度，因為在急劇變形過程中鋁合金對應變速率敏感并具有放熱性。鍛造設備種類很多，按照工作部分運行方式不同，鍛造設備可分為直線往復運動和相對旋轉(zhuǎn)運動兩大類。機械壓力機和螺旋壓力機都廣泛用于鋁合金閉式模鍛，適宜于生產(chǎn)中等尺寸、大體積和形狀適度的鋁鍛件。

The production aluminum alloy forgings can be carried out on a variety of forging equipment. Hammer can be used for open die forging and closed die forging, the production cost is low, when the need to  the forging hammer height, strike force and speed, because of the sharp deformation in the process  Alloy strain rate sensitive and exothermic. Mechanical press and screw press are widely used in aluminum alloy closed die forging, which is suitable for the production of medium size, large volume and moderate shape  aluminum forgings.