定期對設(shè)備進行保養(yǎng)，所有的操作者工作之前必須帶好防護用具。在進行鍛造作業(yè)時，幾個操作者之間要集中精力，互相配合，躲開危險方向，選擇相對安全的位置。

Maintenance of equipment on a regular basis, and all operators must take protective equipment before working. In the process of forging, several operators should their energy, cooperate with each other, avoid the dangerous direction, and choose a relatively safe.

鍛造設(shè)備種類很多，按照工作部分運行方式不同，鍛造設(shè)備可分為直線往復(fù)運動和相對旋轉(zhuǎn)運動兩大類。直線往復(fù)鍛造設(shè)備1、動載撞擊的鍛造設(shè)備2、動靜載聯(lián)合的鍛造設(shè)備3，能沖擊的鍛造設(shè)備。

There are many kinds of forging equipment. According to the different operation modes of the working part, the forging equipment can be divided into two categories: straight reciprocating motion and relative rotation motion.

Linear reciprocating forging equipment

1, forging equipment with dynamic load impact

2, forging equipment combined with static and static load

3, high efficiency impacting forging equipment

自由鍛生產(chǎn)率低，加工余量大，但工具簡單，通用性大，故被廣泛用于鍛造形狀較簡單的單件、小批生產(chǎn)的鍛件。自由鍛設(shè)備有空氣錘、蒸汽-空氣錘和水壓機等，分別適合小、中和大型鍛件的生產(chǎn)。

Free forging has many advantages such as low productivity, large machining allowance, but simple tool and versatility. So it is widely used for forging single piece and small batch forgings with simpler shape. The free forging equipments include air hammer, steam air hammer and hydraulic press, etc., which are suitable for the production of small and medium heavy forgings, respectively.

在芯棒上拔長。鍛造時，先芯棒插入沖好孔的坯料中，然后當作實心坯料進行拔長。拔長時，一般不是一次拔成，先將坯料拔成六角形，鍛到所需長度后，再倒角滾圓，取出芯棒。為便于取出芯棒，芯棒 的工作部分應(yīng)有1：100 左右的斜度。

Pull on the mandrel. When forging, insert the mandrel into the billet of the hole and then pull it out as a solid billet. When drawing, it is not usually drawn at one time. First, the blank is drawn into a hexagonal shape, forged to the required length, then chamfered and rounded, and the mandrel is removed. To facilitate the removal of the mandrel, the working part of the mandrel should have a slope of about 1:100.