不知道聽到工藝兩個字的時候我們更多的想到的是什么?我想很多人對工藝的追求大多體現(xiàn)在對一些藝術(shù)品上面。其實不僅僅是藝術(shù)品對工藝的要求非常高。自由鍛生產(chǎn)率低，加工余量大，但工具簡單，通用性大，故被廣泛用于鍛造形狀較簡單的單件、小批生產(chǎn)的鍛件。在我們的機械領(lǐng)域?qū)に囈彩蔷媲缶?，因為只有高超的工藝才能制造出更的產(chǎn)品，就比如說大口徑法蘭對它的工藝要求也是很高的。

I don't know what we think about more when we hear the two  of the craft?模鍛又分為開式模鍛和閉式模鍛．金屬坯料在具有一定形狀的鍛模膛內(nèi)受壓變形而獲得鍛件，模鍛一般用于生產(chǎn)重量不大、批量較大的零件。 I think a lot of people's pursuit of the craft is mostly on some of the works of art. In fact, not only is the art of art demanding very high technology. In our field of machinery, we also strive for improvement in technology, because only superb technology can make more perfect products, for example, large diameter flanges require high technological requirements for them.

鐓粗 鐓粗是對原坯料沿軸向鍛打，使其高度減低、橫截面增大的操作過程。這種工序常用于鍛造齒輪坯和其他圓盤形類鍛件。鐓粗分為全部鐓粗和局部鍛粗兩種。

Upsetting and upsetting is the process of forging the original billet along the axis, reducing its height and increasing its cross section. This process is usually used to forge gear blanks and other disc shaped forgings. The upsetting is divided into two kinds of upsetting and local forgings.

自由鍛造所用工具和設(shè)備簡單，通用性好，成本低。 同鑄造毛坯相比，自由鍛消除了縮孔、 縮松、氣孔等缺陷，使毛坯具有更高的力學(xué)性能。鍛件形狀簡單，操作靈活。

Free forging tools and equipment are simple, versatility and low cost. Compared with the casting blank, the free forging eliminates the defects such as shrinkage porosity, porosity, porosity and so on, so that the blank has higher mechanical properties. The shape of the forgings is simple and the operation is flexible.

在芯棒上拔長。鍛造時，先芯棒插入沖好孔的坯料中，然后當(dāng)作實心坯料進行拔長。拔長時，一般不是一次拔成，先將坯料拔成六角形，鍛到所需長度后，再倒角滾圓，取出芯棒。為便于取出芯棒，芯棒 的工作部分應(yīng)有1：100 左右的斜度。

Pull on the mandrel. When forging, insert the mandrel into the billet of the hole and then pull it out as a solid billet. When drawing, it is not usually drawn at one time. First, the blank is drawn into a hexagonal shape, forged to the required length, then chamfered and rounded, and the mandrel is removed. To facilitate the removal of the mandrel, the working part of the mandrel should have a slope of about 1:100.