自由鍛的基本工序主要有鐓粗、拔長(zhǎng)、沖孔、切割、彎曲、扭轉(zhuǎn)、錯(cuò)移及鍛接等。模鍛又分為開式模鍛和閉式模鍛．金屬坯料在具有一定形狀的鍛模膛內(nèi)受壓變形而獲得鍛件，模鍛一般用于生產(chǎn)重量不大、批量較大的零件。

The basic process of free forging are upsetting, stretching, punching, cutting, bending, torsion, displacement and welding etc.. Die forging is also divided into open die forging and closed die forging. metal billets are pressed and deformed to form forgings in the forging die chamber with a certain shape, and die forging is generally used for producing parts with small weight and large batches.

機(jī)器鍛造是自由鍛造的主要方法，可鍛造質(zhì)量達(dá)到幾百噸的大型鍛件，這使得自由鍛在重型機(jī)械制造中具有特別重要的作用。鍛造是指把加熱后的金屬材料鍛制成各種形狀的工具、機(jī)械零件或毛坯。例如，水輪機(jī)主軸、多拐曲軸、大型連桿、重要的齒輪零件，在工作時(shí)都承受很大的載荷，常采用自由鍛造方法生產(chǎn)毛坯，使其具有很高的力學(xué)性能.滿足使用要求。

Machine forging is the main method of free forging. It can forge large forgings with a quality of hundreds of t, which makes free forging play a very role in heavy machinery manufacturing. For example, the main shaft of a hydraulic turbine, a multi crank crankshaft, a large connecting rod, and important gear parts are subjected to heavy loads when they are working. Free forging is often used to produce blanks, so that they have high mechanical properties.

自由鍛造所用工具和設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單，通用性好，成本低。 同鑄造毛坯相比，自由鍛消除了縮孔、 縮松、氣孔等缺陷，使毛坯具有更高的力學(xué)性能。鍛件形狀簡(jiǎn)單，操作靈活。

Free forging tools and equipment are simple, versatility and low cost. Compared with the casting blank, the free forging eliminates the defects such as shrinkage porosity, porosity, porosity and so on, so that the blank has higher mechanical properties. The shape of the forgings is simple and the operation is flexible.